
的个人主页 http://faculty.ustc.edu.cn/huangzhenguang/zh_CN/index.htm
全球太阳风的物理模型
太阳风是太阳不断向宇宙空间释放的带电粒子流,也是空间天气主要驱动源传播的载体。强烈的太阳活动能够引发地磁暴、高能粒子事件和通信导航系统扰动,对卫星运行、载人航天、深空探测以及现代信息基础设施产生重要影响。随着人类进入空间开发和商业航天快速发展的时代,理解太阳风的起源与演化规律、提高空间天气预测能力已成为国际空间科学研究的重要前沿方向。
围绕这一目标,我们利用高性能计算和先进的磁流体动力学(MHD)模型,构建从太阳表面到行星际空间的数值模拟体系,结合全球太阳观测数据和人工智能时代的数据分析技术,致力于揭示太阳风形成机制及其对地球空间环境的影响。我们揭示了太阳活动周期中太阳风结构的长期演化规律,首次确定了MHD模型中的Alfven波能量输入参数与太阳表面磁场开放区域面积之间的半经验公式,为未来用MHD模型进行空间天气预报提供了坚实的基础。
彗星磁层的物理模型
彗星被认为是太阳系形成早期遗留下来的“时间胶囊”,保存着太阳系诞生时期的原始物质信息。当彗星靠近太阳时,大量气体和尘埃从彗核释放出来,与太阳风发生剧烈相互作用,形成复杂的等离子体环境。研究彗星与太阳风的相互作用,不仅有助于理解太阳系小天体的演化过程,也为揭示无磁化天体周围等离子体物理过程提供了天然实验室。欧洲航天局Rosetta探测器对67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko彗星的长期伴飞观测,为这一领域带来了前所未有的科学机遇。
围绕67P彗星,我们的研究利用多流体磁流体动力学(MHD)模型和先进数值模拟方法,系统研究太阳风与彗星释放物质相互作用过程中产生的磁场结构、电流系统和等离子体动力学过程。相关工作揭示了彗发中磁场空穴(magnetic field dropouts)形成的可能机制,发现了Hall效应在塑造彗星磁场拓扑结构中的重要作用,并模拟了日冕物质抛射(CME)等极端空间天气事件对彗星环境的影响。这些研究帮助解释了Rosetta探测器获得的重要观测结果,加深了对弱磁场天体周围复杂等离子体环境的认识。
空间天气预报
空间天气预报不仅需要预测太阳活动和太阳风扰动是否会影响地球,更需要回答“预测结果有多可靠”以及“风险有多大”等关键问题。随着卫星通信、导航定位、电网运行和深空探测对空间环境依赖程度不断提高,建立具有可信度评估能力的空间天气预报体系已成为国际空间天气研究的重要发展方向。近年来,人工智能、数据同化和不确定性量化等先进方法正在与传统物理模型深度融合,为提升空间天气预报精度和可靠性提供新的机遇。
围绕这一目标,相关研究将机器学习、贝叶斯统计和数据同化方法引入空间天气建模与预报。通过构建基于深度高斯过程(Deep Gaussian Process)的全球地磁扰动概率预报模型,实现了未来一小时地磁活动的概率预测,不仅能够给出预报结果,还能够量化预测的不确定性,为空间天气风险评估提供重要依据。同时,研究利用集合模拟和数据同化技术改进日冕物质抛射(CME)传播预测,建立了基于AWSoM模型的CME到达时间预报框架,提高了极端空间天气事件预报的准确性和稳定性。
此外,研究还系统开展了全球灵敏度分析和不确定性量化工作,评估太阳风模型中关键参数对预报结果的影响程度,识别限制模型精度的主要误差来源。这些工作推动了从“确定性预报”向“概率预报”和“可信预报”的转变,为构建下一代智能空间天气预报系统奠定了理论和技术基础。
Referred Journal Publications
1. M. A. Reiss, M. M. Kuznetsova, C. Corti, J. Yue, J. Karpen, C. N. Arge, F. Bacchini, C. Bard, S. Bruinsma, R. M. Caplan, L. K. S. Daldorff, P. J. Deka, C. R. DeVore, S. Elvidge, N. Ganushkina, J. D. Huba, B. V. Jackson, V. Jordanova, J. A. Linker, H. Liu, J. G. Luhmann, S. Markidis, P. Mayank, V. Merkin, N. Moens, D. Odstrcil, Y. A. Omelchenko, M. Palmroth, S. Poedts, A. J. Ridley, Y. Shou, V. Tenishev, D. R. Themens, G. Toth, W. Wang, R.-P. Wilhelm, M. A. Young, B. Cecconi, M.-Y. Chou, D. De Zeeuw, G. L. Delzanno, C. Didigu, M. El Alaoui, S. Fung, J. Green, Z. Huang, L. K. Jian, L. J. Landwer, M. Lesko, P. J. MacNeice, A. Masson, M. L. Mays, P. M. Mehta, M. S. Miesch, E. Palmerio, M. Petrenko, E. Provornikova, L. Rastatter, L. Rusaitis, N. Sachdeva, E. Samara, D. Sur, A. Taktakishvili, J. Topper, T. Tsui, C. Verbeke, J. Wang, C. Wiegand, M. Wiltberger, Y. Zheng, M. M. Bisi, M. K. Georgoulis, T. Kodikara, T. Pulkkinen, A. Chartier, D. da Silva, A. Faturahman, K. Garcia-Sage, D. Kondrashov, V. E. Ledvina, W. Liu, C. Pandey, E. Resnick, C. Shi, R. S. Weigel, K. Whitman, I. Zakharenkova, and K. Zhang (2026). Recommendations for advancing heliophysics and space weather modeling through open science. Space Weather, 24(6), e2026SW005194, doi:10.1029/2026SW005194.
2. C. Corti, M. M. Kuznetsova, M. A. Reiss, J. Yue, J. Karpen, C. N. Arge, F. Bacchini, C. Bard, S. Bruinsma, R. M. Caplan, L. K. S. Daldorff, P. J. Deka, C. R. DeVore, S. Elvidge, N. Ganushkina, J. D. Huba, B. V. Jackson, V. Jordanova, J. A. Linker, H. Liu, J. G. Luhmann, S. Markidis, P. Mayank, V. Merkin, N. Moens, D. Odstrcil, Y. A. Omelchenko, M. Palmroth, S. Poedts, A. J. Ridley, Y. Shou, V. Tenishev, D. R. Themens, G. Toth, W. Wang, R.-P. Wilhelm, M. A. Young, B. Cecconi, M.-Y. Chou, D. De Zeeuw, G. L. Delzanno, C. Didigu, M. El Alaoui, S. Fung, J. Green, Z. Huang, L. K. Jian, L. J. Landwer, M. Lesko, P. MacNeice, A. Masson, M. L. Mays, P. M. Mehta, M. S. Miesch, E. Palmerio, M. Petrenko, E. Provornikova, L. Rastatter, L. Rusaitis, N. Sachdeva, E. Samara, D. Sur, A. Taktakishvili, J. Topper, T. Tsui, C. Verbeke, J. Wang, C. Wiegand, M. Wiltberger, Y. Zheng, M. M. Bisi, M. K. Georgoulis, T. Kodikara, T. Pulkkinen, A. Chartier, D. da Silva, A. Faturahman, K. Garcia-Sage, D. Kondrashov, V. E. Ledvina, W. Liu, C. Pandey, E. Resnick, C. Shi, R. S. Weigel, K. Whitman, I. Zakharenkova, and K. Zhang (2026). Advancing heliophysics and space weather modeling through open science. Space Weather, 24(6), e2025SW004922, doi:10.1029/2025SW004922. e2025SW004922 2025SW004922.
3. B. M. Walsh, D. T. Welling, and Z. Huang (2026). Terrestrial space weather protection through human-produced mass-loading. Space Weather, 24(6), e2025SW004846, doi:10.1029/2025SW004846..
4. N. Sachdeva, Z. Huang, G. Toth, H. Chen, W. B. Manchester, and B. van der Holst (2026). Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections in Different Data-driven Solar Wind Conditions. The Astrophysical Journal, 1001, 144, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae4348.
5. X. Chen, L. Zhao, J. Giacalone, N. Sachdeva, I. V. Sokolov, G. Toth, C. M. S. Cohen, D. Lario, F. Guo, A. Kouloumvakos, T. I. Gombosi, Z. Huang, W. B. Manchester, IV, B. van der Holst, W. Liu, D. J. McComas, M. E. Hill, and G. C. Ho (2025). Evidence of Time-dependent Diffusive Shock Acceleration in the 2022 September 5 Solar Energetic Particle Event. The Astrophysical Journal, 994(2), 242, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae1227.
6. W. B. Manchester, IV, N. Sachdeva, E. Kilpua, M. Ala-Lahti, S. L. Soni, Z. Huang, H. Chen, A. Jivani, B. van der Holst, A. Szabo, and M. Akhavan-Tafti (2025). High-resolution Simulation of Coronal Mass Ejection–Corotating Interaction Region Interactions: Mesoscale Solar Wind Structure Formation Observable by the SWIFT Constellation. The Astrophysical Journal, 992(1), 51, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adf855.
7. H. Chen, G. Toth, Y. Chen, S. Zou, Z. Huang, and X. Huan (2025). Geodgp: One-hour ahead global probabilistic geomagnetic perturbation forecasting using deep gaussian process. Space Weather, 23(6), e2024SW004301, doi:10.1029/2024SW004301.
8. J. Huang, D. E. Larson, T. Ervin, M. Liu, O. Ortiz, M. M. Martinovic, Z. Huang, A. Chasapis, X. Chu, B. L. Alterman, Z. Huang, W. Wei, J. L. Verniero, L. K. Jian, A. Szabo, O. Romeo, A. Rahmati, R. Livi, P. Whittlesey, S. T. Alnussirat, J. C. Kasper, M. Stevens, and S. D. Bale (2025). The Temperature Anisotropy and Helium Abundance Features of Alfvenic Slow Solar Wind Observed by Parker Solar Probe, Helios, and Wind Missions. The Astrophysical Journal Letter, 986(2), L28, doi:10.3847/2041- 8213/ade0ac.
9. H. Chen, N. Sachdeva, Z. Huang, B. van der Holst, W. Manchester IV, A. Jivani, S. Zou, Y. Chen, X. Huan, and G. Toth (2025). Decent estimate of CME arrival time from a data-assimilated ensemble in the Alfvén wave solar atmosphere model (DECADE-AWSoM). Space Weather, 23(1), e2024SW004165, doi:10.1029/2024SW004165.
10. L. Zhao, I. Sokolov, T. Gombosi, D. Lario, K. Whitman, Z. Huang, G. Toth, W. Manchester, B. van der Holst, N. Sachdeva, and W. Liu (2024). Solar Wind with Field Lines and Energetic Particles (SOFIE) Model: Application to Historical Solar Energetic Particle Events. Space Weather, 22(9), e2023SW003729, doi:10.1029/2023SW003729.
11. Z. Huang, G. Toth, T. I. Gombosi, M. R. Combi, X. Jia, Y. Shou, V. Tenishev, K. Altwegg, and M. Rubin (2024). Interaction between a Coronal Mass Ejection and Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The Astrophysical Journal, 967(1), 43, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad3c42.
12. Z. Huang, G. Toth, J. Huang, N. Sachdeva, B. van der Holst, and W. B. Manchester (2024). Adjusting the Potential Field Source Surface Height Based on Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations. The Astrophysical Journal Letter, 965(1), L1, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad3547.
13. Z. Huang, G. Toth, N. Sachdeva, and B. van der Holst (2024). Solar Wind Driven from GONG Magnetograms in the Last Solar Cycle. The Astrophysical Journal, 965(1), 1, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad32ca.
14. K. Whitman, R. Egeland, I. G. Richardson, C. Allison, P. Quinn, J. Barzilla, I. Kitiashvili, V. Sadykov, H. M. Bain, M. Dierckxsens, M. L. Mays, T. Tadesse, K. T. Lee, E. Semones, J. G. Luhmann, M. Nunez, S. M. White, S. W. Kahler, A. G. Ling, D. F. Smart, M. A. Shea, V. Tenishev, S. F. Boubrahimi, B. Aydin, P. Martens, R. Angryk, M. S. Marsh, S. Dalla, N. Crosby, N. A. Schwadron, K. Kozarev, M. Gorby, M. A. Young, M. Laurenza, E. W. Cliver, T. Alberti, M. Stumpo, S. Benella, A. Papaioannou, A. Anastasiadis, I. Sandberg, M. K. Georgoulis, A. Ji, D. Kempton, C. Pandey, G. Li, J. Hu, G. P. Zank, E. Lavasa, G. Giannopoulos, D. Falconer, Y. Kadadi, I. Fernandes, M. A. Dayeh, A. Munoz-Jaramillo, S. Chatterjee, K. D. Moreland, I. V. Sokolov, I. I. Roussev, A. Taktakishvili, F. Effenberger, T. Gombosi, Z. Huang, L. Zhao, N. Wijsen, A. Aran, S. Poedts, A. Kouloumvakos, M. Paassilta, R. Vainio, A. Belov, E. A. Eroshenko, M. A. Abunina, A. A. Abunin, C. C. Balch, O. Malandraki, M. Karavolos, B. Heber, J. Labrenz, P. Ku¨hl, A. G. Kosovichev, V. Oria, G. M. Nita, E. Illarionov, P. M. O’Keefe, Y. Jiang, S. H. Fereira, A. Ali, E. Paouris, S. Aminalragia-Giamini, P. Jiggens, M. Jin, C. O. Lee, E. Palmerio, A. Bruno, S. Kasapis, X. Wang, Y. Chen, B. Sanahuja, D. Lario, C. Jacobs, D. T. Strauss, R. Steyn, J. van den Berg, B. Swalwell, C. Waterfall, M. Nedal, R. Miteva, M. Dechev, P. Zucca, A. Engell, B. Maze, H. Farmer, T. Kerber, B. Barnett, J. Loomis, N. Grey, B. J. Thompson, J. A. Linker, R. M. Caplan, C. Downs, T. Torok, R. Lionello, V. Titov, M. Zhang, and P. Hosseinzadeh, (2023). Review of Solar Energetic Particle Prediction Models. Advances in Space Research, 72(12), 5161–5242, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2022.08.006.
15. N. Sachdeva, I. Manchester, Ward B., I. Sokolov, Z. Huang, A. Pevtsov, L. Bertello, A. A. Pevtsov, G. Toth, B. van der Holst, and C. J. Henney (2023). Solar Wind Modeling with the Alfven Wave Solar atmosphere Model Driven by HMI-based Near-real-time Maps by the National Solar Observatory. The Astrophysical Journal, 952(2), 117, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acda87.
16. J. Huang, J. C. Kasper, D. E. Larson, M. D. McManus, P. Whittlesey, R. Livi, A. Rahmati, O. Romeo, K. G. Klein, W. Sun, B. van der Holst, Z. Huang, L. K. Jian, A. Szabo, J. L. Verniero, C. H. K. Chen, B. Lavraud, M. Liu, S. T. Badman, T. Niembro, K. Paulson, M. Stevens, A. W. Case, M. Pulupa, S. D. Bale, and J. S. Halekas (2023). Parker Solar Probe Observations of High Plasma β Solar Wind from the Streamer Belt. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 265(2), 47, doi:10.3847/1538-4365/acbcd2.
17. Z. Huang, G. Toth, N. Sachdeva, L. Zhao, B. van der Holst, I. Sokolov, W. B. Manchester, and T. I. Gombosi (2023). Modeling the solar wind during different phases of the last solar cycle. The Astrophysical Journal Letter, 946(2), L47, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acc5ef.
18. I. V. Sokolov, H. Sun, G. Toth, Z. Huang, V. Tenishev, L. Zhao, J. Kota, O. Cohen, and T. I. Gombosi (2023). High resolution finite volume method for kinetic equations with Poisson brackets. Journal of Computational Physics, 476, 111923, doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2023.111923.
19. A. Jivani, N. Sachdeva, Z. Huang, Y. Chen, B. van der Holst, W. Manchester, D. Iong, H. Chen, S. Zou, X. Huan, and G. Toth (2023). Global Sensitivity Analysis and Uncertainty Quantification for Background Solar Wind Using the Alfvén Wave Solar Atmosphere Model. Space Weather, 21(1), e2022SW003262, doi:10.1029/2022SW003262.
20. N. Sachdeva, G. Toth, W. B. Manchester, B. van der Holst, Z. Huang, I. V. Sokolov, L. Zhao, Q. A. Shidi, Y. Chen, T. I. Gombosi, C. J. Henney, D. G. Lloveras, and A. M. Vasquez (2021). Simulating Solar Maximum Conditions Using the Alfvén Wave Solar Atmosphere Model (AWSoM). The Astrophysical Journal, 923(2), 176, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac307c.
21. T. I. Gombosi, Y. Chen, A. Glocer, Z. Huang, X. Jia, M. W. Liemohn, W. B. Manchester, T. Pulkkinen, N. Sachdeva, Q. Al Shidi, I. V. Sokolov, J. Szente, V. Tenishev, G. Toth, B. van der Holst, D. T. Welling, L. Zhao, and S. Zou (2021). What sustained multi-disciplinary research can achieve: The space weather modeling framework. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 11, 42, doi:10.1051/swsc/2021020.
22. C. D. K. Harris, X. Jia, J. A. Slavin, G. Toth, Z. Huang, and M. Rubin (2021). Multi Fluid MHD Simulations of Europa’s Plasma Interaction Under Different Magnetospheric Conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 126(5), e28888, doi:10.1029/2020JA028888.
23. E. Camporeale, M. D. Cash, H. J. Singer, C. C. Balch, Z. Huang, and G. Toth (2020). A Gray-Box Model for a Probabilistic Estimate of Regional Ground Magnetic Perturbations: Enhancing the NOAA Operational Geospace Model With Machine Learning. Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 125(11), e27684, doi:10.1029/2019JA027684.
24. M. Combi, Y. Shou, N. Fougere, V. Tenishev, K. Altwegg, M. Rubin, D. Bockelee-Morvan, F. Capaccioni, Y.-C. Cheng, U. Fink, T. Gombosi, K. C. Hansen, Z. Huang, D. Marshall, and G. Toth (2020). The surface distributions of the production of the major volatile species, H2O, CO2, CO and O2, from the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko throughout the Rosetta Mission as measured by the ROSINA double focusing mass spectrometer. Icarus, 335, 113421, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.113421.
25. C. Dong, Z. Huang, and M. Lingam (2019). Role of Planetary Obliquity in Regulating Atmospheric Escape: G-dwarf versus M-dwarf Earth-like Exoplanets. The Astrophysical Journal Letter, 882(2), L16, doi:10.3847/20418213/ab372c.
26. Z. Huang, G. Toth, B. van der Holst, Y. Chen, and T. Gombosi (2019). A six-moment multi-fluid plasma model. Journal of Computational Physics, 387, 134–153, doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2019.02.023.
27. Z. Huang, G. Toth, T. I. Gombosi, X. Jia, M. R. Combi, K. C. Hansen, N. Fougere, Y. Shou, V. Tenishev, K. Altwegg, and M. Rubin (2018). Hall effect in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 475(2), 2835–2841, doi: 10.1093/mnras/stx3350.
28. Y. Shou, M. Combi, G. Toth, V. Tenishev, N. Fougere, X. Jia, M. Rubin, Z. Huang, K. Hansen, and T. Gombosi (2017). A New 3D Multi-fluid Dust Model: A Study of the Effects of Activity and Nucleus Rotation on Dust Grain Behavior at Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The Astrophysical Journal, 850(1), 72, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa91ca.
29. C. Dong, Z. Huang, M. Lingam, G. Toth, T. Gombosi, and A. Bhattacharjee (2017). The Dehydration of Water Worlds via Atmospheric Losses. The Astrophysical Journal Letter, 847(1), L4, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa8a60.
30. Y. Shou, M. Combi, G. Toth, V. Tenishev, N. Fougere, X. Jia, M. Rubin, Z. Huang, K. Hansen, T. Gombosi, and A. Bieler (2016). A New 3D Multi-fluid Model: A Study of Kinetic Effects and Variations of Physical Conditions in the Cometary Coma. The Astrophysical Journal, 833(2), 160, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/833/2/160.
31. N. Fougere, K. Altwegg, J. J. Berthelier, A. Bieler, D. Bockelee-Morvan, U. Calmonte, F. Capaccioni, M. R. Combi, J. De Keyser, V. Debout, S. Erard, B. Fiethe, G. Filacchione, U. Fink, S. A. Fuselier, T. I. Gombosi, K. C. Hansen, M. Hassig, Z. Huang, L. Le Roy, C. Leyrat, A. Migliorini, G. Piccioni, G. Rinaldi, M. Rubin, Y. Shou, V. Tenishev, G. Toth, and C. Y. Tzou (2016). Direct Simulation Monte Carlo modelling of the major species in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 462, S156–S169, doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2388.
32. K. C. Hansen, K. Altwegg, J. J. Berthelier, A. Bieler, N. Biver, D. BockeleeMorvan, U. Calmonte, F. Capaccioni, M. R. Combi, J. de Keyser, B. Fiethe, N. Fougere, S. A. Fuselier, S. Gasc, T. I. Gombosi, Z. Huang, L. Le Roy, S. Lee, H. Nilsson, M. Rubin, Y. Shou, C. Snodgrass, V. Tenishev, G. Toth, C. Y. Tzou, C. Simon Wedlund, and Rosina Team (2016). Evolution of water production of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: An empirical model and a multi-instrument study. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 462, S491–S506, doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2413.
33. Z. Huang, G. Toth, T. I. Gombosi, A. Bieler, M. R. Combi, K. C. Hansen, X. Jia, N. Fougere, Y. Shou, T. E. Cravens, V. Tenishev, K. Altwegg, and M. Rubin (2016). A possible mechanism for the formation of magnetic field dropouts in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 462, S468–S475, doi: 10.1093/mnras/stw3118.
34. Z. Huang, G. Toth, T. I. Gombosi, X. Jia, M. Rubin, N. Fougere, V. Tenishev, M. R. Combi, A. Bieler, K. C. Hansen, Y. Shou, and K. Altwegg (2016). Four-fluid MHD simulations of the plasma and neutral gas environment of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko near perihelion. Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics), 121(5), 4247–4268, doi: 10.1002/2015JA022333.
35. N. Fougere, K. Altwegg, J. J. Berthelier, A. Bieler, D. Bockelee-Morvan, U. Calmonte, F. Capaccioni, M. R. Combi, J. De Keyser, V. Debout, S. Erard, B. Fiethe, G. Filacchione, U. Fink, S. A. Fuselier, T. I. Gombosi, K. C. Hansen, M. H¨assig, Z. Huang, L. Le Roy, C. Leyrat, A. Migliorini, G. Piccioni, G. Rinaldi, M. Rubin, Y. Shou, V. Tenishev, G. Toth, and C. Y. Tzou (2016). Three-dimensional direct simulation Monte-Carlo modeling of the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko observed by the VIRTIS and ROSINA instruments on board Rosetta. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 588, A134, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527889.
36. A. Bieler, K. Altwegg, H. Balsiger, J.-J. Berthelier, U. Calmonte, M. Combi, J. De Keyser, B. Fiethe, N. Fougere, S. Fuselier, S. Gasc, T. Gombosi, K. Hansen, M. Hassig, Z. Huang, A. Jackel, X. Jia, L. Le Roy, U. A. Mall, H. Reme, M. Rubin, V. Tenishev, G. Toth, C.-Y. Tzou, and P. Wurz (2015). Comparison of 3D kinetic and hydrodynamic models to ROSINACOPS measurements of the neutral coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 583, A7, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526178.
37. F. A. Nuevo, Z. Huang, R. Frazin, W. B. Manchester, M. Jin, and A. M. Vasquez (2013). Evolution of the Global Temperature Structure of the Solar Corona during the Minimum between Solar Cycles 23 and 24. The Astrophysical Journal, 773(1), 9, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/773/1/9.
38. Z. Huang, R. A. Frazin, E. Landi, W. B. Manchester, A. M. Vasquez, and T. I. Gombosi (2012). Newly Discovered Global Temperature Structures in the Quiet Sun at Solar Minimum. The Astrophysical Journal, 755(2), 86, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/755/2/86.
39. A. M. Vasquez, Z. Huang, W. B. Manchester, and R. A. Frazin (2011). The WHI Corona from Differential Emission Measure Tomography. Solar Physics, 274(1-2), 259–284, doi:10.1007/s11207-010-9706-1.
40. G. Toth, B. van der Holst, and Z. Huang (2011). Obtaining Potential Field Solutions with Spherical Harmonics and Finite Differences. The Astrophysical Journal, 732(2), 102, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/732/2/102.
Referred Conference Proceedings
1. S. P. Moschou, I. V. Sokolov, O. Cohen, G. Toth, J. J. Drake, Z. Huang, C. Garraffo, J. D. Alvarado-Gomez, and T. Gombosi (2020). Coupled MHD-Hybrid Simulations of Space Plasmas. In Journal of Physics Conference Series, 1623, 012008, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1623/1/012008.
2. F. A. Nuevo, A. M. Vasquez, R. A. Frazin, Z. Huang, and W. B. Manchester (2012). The 3D solar corona Cycle 24 rising phase from SDO/AIA tomography. In C. H. Mandrini and D. F. Webb, editors, Comparative Magnetic Minima: Characterizing Quiet Times in the Sun and Stars, volume 286, pages 238–241, doi:10.1017/S1743921312004905.
3. A. M. Vasquez, R. A. Frazin, Z. Huang, W. B. Manchester, and P. Shearer (2012). The 3D solar minimum with differential emission measure tomography. In C. H. Mandrini and D. F. Webb, editors, Comparative Magnetic Minima: Characterizing Quiet Times in the Sun and Stars, volume 286, pages 123–133, doi:10.1017/S1743921312004735.
Book Chapters
1. T. I. Gombosi, Y. Chen, Z. Huang, W. B. Manchester, I. Sokolov, G. Toth, and B. van der Holst (2023). Adaptive Global Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations. In Space and Astrophysical Plasma Simulation, pages 211–253, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-11870-8_7.
2. G. Toth, Y. Chen, Z. Huang, and B. van der Holst (2021). Challenges in Modeling the Outer Magnetosphere. In R. Maggiolo, N. Andre, H. Hasegawa, and D. T. Welling, editors, Magnetospheres in the Solar System, volume 2, page 717, doi:10.1002/9781119815624.ch44.